Unesco’s observation on this heritage site is that ‘The Grand Canyon is among the earth’s greatest on-going geological spectacles. Its vastness is stunning, and the evidence it reveals about the earth’s history is invaluable. The 1.5-kilometer (0.9 mile) deep gorge ranges in width from 500 m to 30 km (0.3 mile to 18.6 miles). It twists and turns 445 km (276.5 miles) and was formed during 6 million years of geologic activity and erosion by the Colorado River on the upraised earth’s crust. The buttes, spires, mesas and temples in the canyon are in fact mountains looked down upon from the rims. Horizontal strata exposed in the canyon retrace geological history over 2 billion years and represent the four major geologic eras….’.

Grand Canyon National Park is located in north-western Arizona; it contains the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the River Colorado. The park is a part of the counties of Coconino and Mahahve. River Colorado is one of America’s great white water rivers.

Historical identity of this heritage site is linked to the name Colorado and Canyon; English meaning of the name Canyon is a deep valley with steep sides, often with a river flowing through it’. Various place-names connected with this heritage site shows that they have almost adopted biblical names: like, Moab, Arches, Green River, San Juan River, San Juan Mountains, Lake Mead,  Salt River Valley, Gila River, Yuma, San Luis Rio(-Colorado), Baja Californian-Sonora, Morelos, Hardy River, Virgin River etc. So Canyon certainly stands for the biblical Canaan which was the promised land of the historical sacred text. It is Kanvaya mountain of Indian puranas.

The Native Americans know the Colorado River as:

Maricopa—Xakxwet or Xakx-vati  means ‘aksha–vati’; refers to the land of the Arc. Aksha means ‘axis’.

Mohave—Aha Kwahwat or Aha Kwah–vati  means ‘Yahweh K-Yahweh-vati’ ; means the same region of Arka/arc near Yahweh’s seat of worship at Arka.

Havasupai—Ha Fay G’am/ Sil Gsvgov or Ha Fa-Girima means ‘Ava/Abo’ Mountain of the same Arka region; Sil Gsvgov means Sil Swarga or Sil-Heaven; Sil refers to Sulla means ‘Ladder’ that means ‘Jerusalem’.  Ava or Aba means the same divine land.

Yavapai—Hakhwata or Hakh–wata means ‘akhya–vati’ ; refers to the same divine land or the ‘Land of the Rising Sun’.

Name Colo means ‘Koro’ that refers to Ottoro-Korroh of Ptolemy, the deified land connected with the origin of gods and with origin of human life. This name Colorado may mean ‘koroda’ or ‘Cave’; the hollow tree trunk are also called in this name which provided ancient people short accommodation.

The Moricope or Mori-cope(or pakshi means ‘bird’) has its root in ‘mayuri’ means ‘Peacock’; this name identifies the region of Moeris people who were a part of the Kuru or Koro region. name Kyrene  fixes its ancient identity similarly with the Karuna people who were efficient in making many things. They were expert in archery. They provided security for the transportation of the Po Tree or the Tree of Wisdom to Sri Lanka during Asoka’ time. Gila River refers to Gaya of ancient texts; the Buddha preached his first sermon at Gaya. The region goes by different names in different times of history. Moeris royal people has a long line of ancient history.

Pinal Country—means Bina/Benu country which identifies ‘kanth’ or ‘kanhei’ with it. This is a complete address of the region from where the ancient migrants came to Colorado. Mention of Phoenix area fills up the gap of the story connected with the Phoenix Bird whose story connects the City of Sun(arka), Benu and Pan region in a single geographical pocket along with the land of Kuru.

Santa Rosa—Santa Ros is the exact name of the place where the ancient river Ros was flowing dividing the land of the mortals from the land of the immortals.

Santa was the name of the daughter of King Dasarath of the epic the Ramayana who became the adopted daughter of Sage Lomesh.

Santa Cruz—-The name refers to Kuja, and King of Kanya-kubja;

San Diego—Sage Digha/ also a place in this name;

San Antonio—Sage Anant/a King in this name and a place in this name;

Butter-field—-This is a wonderful name that describes the geographical position of the Land of Butter, after the Land of Milk and Honey. All of them then neighbourly stood near Women’s country.

Vekol—Viking country/Bakul country

Ak-Chin Community—Ancient Chin community of Chin country near ‘Ak’ means ‘arka’;

Harra—-This is similarly a beautiful name that has preserved the memory of ‘Hari’ or the ‘Hebrew’ people of the ancient world. This identifies the Mt Hor/Har/Haran with it.

The Native American Mohave people are indigenous to the Colorado River basin in the Mojave Desert; because they are inhabitants of this Mojave region they are called by scholars as Mojave people; they are seen as Aha Makhav, a historic name having versatile narratives behind it to support the Mojave people’s ancient root. Their social spectrum is shared by Chemehuev, Hopi, and the Navajo peoples. It is thus more interesting to see these Mohave people belonging to the River Yuman branch of the Yuman language family.

Mohave seems to have its root in Maha-Voi or Maha Bhoi, the royal shepherd people of the Arka region; but Mojave people were the descendents of Sage Mogha, the Bodhisattva Indra, the Thunder God, King of Heaven. They were also known as the Meghas, a priest class people of the ancient world who were dwellers of the Arka region where the seat of worship of Indra is situated. Mahave is identical with Moha-Bhu and Moha-Bhudar which identifies Mt Sumeru, the primordial mountain at the middle of Jambudvipa. People were worshipping this mountain to get rain. Bhudar means ‘mountain’.

In the same region was flowing the river Jamuna or Yamuna. Seat of worship of Indra was the meeting place of three rivers: the Ganges, the Yamuna and the Ascesine or the Scamander(Chandra/Moon).  The term Aha Makhave means the God of Moksha or ‘Salvation’; Aha refers to Ahura Mazda(of the Avesta) as same as Sage Mogha. Aha caves means the seat of worship of God Mogha, the Thunder God, King of Heaven whose wife is Sri Mata and her seat of worship was at Badr at the foot of Mt Sumeru/Mt Meru.

Matevilya—-Mata means ‘Mother’ ; Vilya seems to refer to ‘virya’ means ‘seeds’.

Mastamho—Mata Maha, or the Supreme Mother.

Avi Kwame(Spirit Mountain)—Mt Ava; Kwame means Karmana/Kama(sexual desires)-rupa.

Hi-wa itck—-Hiwa refers to Haya or Harya country ; its people were known by Hi Hi Hu Hu ; this country was neighbour to Ithica/Ithaca means itck, the homeland of Ulysses.

Pibloktoq(Arctic hysteria)—Piblo-k-tog refers to Paripluba region of the ancient world which was known to Greeks as Penelope/Penelops. Tog means “Tagar’ city from which name historic Toglak has been derived.

Wacinko—Inchala,; this name appears in Easter Island records; it was near Chhaitana and Charax, birthplace of Dionysus.

Sioux—Si-oux means ‘Sri-kshetra’.

Blythe exactly means the Pruthyu- people of the ancient world to whom history knows as the Parthians; the name’s root is in pruthyu means ‘bhumi’ or ‘earth’. Meaning of ‘giant’ comes from the same name when it is called ‘pruthyula’ means ‘very big’.

The Havasupai or Havsuw’ Baaja people belong to the American Indian tribe; according to scholars, they have lived in the Grand Canyon region at least 800 years. They are identified as Yuman-speaking people. Various terms have used to identify their ancient origin. They are called pai-people and also as blue-green-water people whose claim over Delaware also find them a group of historic people of the ancient world.

The terms used to widen the past of these Indian tribes bear different history with different history like, Hava, Supai, Baaja, Blue-green-water, Pai, Yuman, and Delaware.

Hava—Mt Ava/Hiva/Hi-wa

Baaja—Baja/Braja

Blue-green-water—-Green Water as mentioned in the Bible and Vergil’s Aeneas

Pai—refers to Po region;

Yuman—Jamuna river

Delaware—-Dehli means Dwaraka/Darbar

Coconino—-Koko or Keka country refers to Mt Caucasus or Coptos region

Hualapai—Alpai/Al-Pai/Alavi/Alaba/Olebe/Elbe etc region

Supai—Soppare was near Alavi and Mt Sumeru; it was site of an ancient port.

It is interesting to see the three sub tribe people of the Hualapai group who have same ethnicity with the Avasupai people. Plateau People, Middle Mountain People, and Yavapai Fighter People. The several groups with which they are found scattered in various sub regions of the same geographical situation of the Colorado River basin, mark them associated with one term ‘Pai’ or ‘Po’ means the Tree of Wisdom. The Havasooa Pa’a regional brand are called Nvav-Kapai which scholars translate into ‘Eastern People’; the Middle Mountain People means the People of the Middle Country where then the Po valley existed. It was basically the region of the Eastern Quarter region of Ptolemy’s jambudvipa Map near the Green Water Sea region of the Salt Sea at Dwaraka or Dehli/Dahali. Nvav refers to Nava or nabhi which means ‘navel’ of the earth as same as the Middle Country from where the pai people migrated. Pai is also a ‘title’ of a small social group of Indian society.

Very interesting are the Yavapai and their four regional independent bands named as Do:lkabaya, or the Western Yavapai; the Yavbe’, or the Northwestern Yavapai; the Guwevkabaya, or Southeastern Yavapai; and the Wi: pukba, or Northeastern Yavapai-Verde valley Yavapai. The latter means, according to scholars, ‘the people of the sun’(from envaeva ‘sun’-pai people).

Do:lkabaya—-The world is divided, according to some ancient belief, into Dyuloka, and Trayilok means ‘two’, and ‘three’ divisions like Bhuh, Bhurvh, Svah of the Gayaatri mantra; others say it is divided into seven/fourteen divisions.  But in reality, it is divided into four quarters and fourteen geographical divisions. Du:lka means ‘two’; baya refers to Sage or God Baya.

Yavbe’—-Bhurvah world

Guwevkabaya—Guwe–vk-baya/or guhya means ‘secret’ or ‘not known to humans’;

Wi: pukba—Wi region

Do:lkabaya is also called Tolkepaya/Tulkepaia and they are often referred to as Yuma-Apaches; Tolk means ‘Trilokya or Trayilok means the ‘Three worlds’; God is very often referred to in prayer as ‘Trayiloka natha’ means ‘Lord of the Three Worlds’; the various bands of Do”lkabaya similarly refers to meanings of words locked with their ancient roots.

Hassavampa River(Hasaya:mvo/Hasayamcho: ‘upside –down river’) in south-western Arizona—-everything seems to refer to a mystic song of Sage Baya; it means Asva or ‘the horse’ ; the river that produced horses;

Wiltaaykapaya/Wiltaikapaya Band(‘People of the Two Mountains’) beside Salome or Hakeheelapaya/Hakehelapa(People of the running water or water from the Harquahala Mountains)—-wilta/wiltaay means ‘upside down’ or ‘the opposite’; Salome refers to Sula/Sullum region means the ancient Jerusalem region. Harquahala or Harqua-har means arka and Mt Hor region near Sula.

Harcvar Mountains in the Peeples Valley—–Harc means the same Arc region where the Tree Var stands; and Peeple refers to a Tree in this name;

Kirkland Valley—-Kirki/Kurki/Kirkku or the Circe island

Ha’kahwadbaya/Hakawhatapa band(‘People of the red water or Red River’) i.e. (Colorado River)—–Ha-kah-wad-baya/Baya or God of Kuha region; wad means wadi means region of Adi/Adah; Kuha as son of Laba living on the bank of the river Dio/Daya; it refers to the seat of ancient Rome.

Madqwadabaya/Matakwarapa(‘People of the waterless and the flat land, i.e. Desert People)—-Mad-q-wad-baya/God of Baya of Mad or Mdea region;

La Paz—-Sacred region of Vajra/ or seat of worship of the Thunder God; Baya though mean ‘a mad man’ it may also refer to a ‘man’ or ‘men’ who always commit mistakes in his worldly judgment of things.

Castle Dome—-Doma people

Hakupakapaya—-Ha-kupaka-paya/ Kupaka region

Hnyoqapaya—Hnvo-qa-paya/Hun people

Inyokapa Band—Invo-kapa/Ina or Ana people

Congress—-means Congo or hing people means people from the region of the river Ganges(Hiang-ho or Huango-ho/Haingora)

Yavbe or the north-western Yavapai people are linked to the Bradshaw Mountains and to Agua Fria River region, which in Yavapi language, is called Wikanyacha and which again means, according to scholars, ‘rough, black range of cocks’; Yavbe name refers to people in the difficult regions where they and their bands live. Mostly they are the Wi people.

Bradshaw Mountains—–Badr means Mt Sumeru/Mt Imaos

Agua Fria River—–Ag-uafria river—-Euphrates or the Bhartu river/Abhira region;

Wikanyacha—-Wi-kanya-cha means Kanyaka or Mt Kanvaya region

Verde—-Badr/Badri

Hwaalkyanyanyepaya—-Hwa-kyanyan-yepaya/Hwo(Chin region) people; Kanana means ‘forest’ Abhaya;

Walkeyanyanyepa—-Walke-yanyan-yepa/Alaka-aranya-bhaba or Alaka region;

Mingus Mountains—-Mt Ming/Mruga or Deer Region near Alaka

Hwa:lkyañaña—-Hva-lokya-nana/Hwo people’s priest’; nana means ‘priest’;

Jerome—-refers to Jama or Jurrites of Ramanaka people;

Mathaupapaya Band—-Mathua-upapaya refers to Upadhya people of Mathura(also called Matiapada)

Bumble Bee—Bee region or Moab or madhu means ‘honey’; but the other names for Bee is ‘bhramar’ and ‘Bhanr’;

Wiikvteepaya—Wi-ikvtee-paya refers vakti means ‘faith’ ; bhukti means region; means faith of Wi or mountainous people;

Wikutepa—Wi-kutepa may refer to ‘fire’;

Chino Valley—Chin people’s settlemet;

Sierra Prieta—Pei-to or Tree of Wisdom in Sierra or Seir region(/or Suar people);

Wiikenyachapaya—Wi-ikenya-chapaya/settlement of Daughter’s of Wi

Wikenichapa—-Wi-keni-chapa

Wi:kañacha—-Wi-kanach/ may mean Wi-kanchi

Wi:pukba/Wipukepava/Wipukepa(‘Foot of the Mountain People’) or People from the Foot of the Red Rock’ or North-eastern Yavapai are often referred to as Mohave-Apache or Apache-Mojaves or Tonto Apaches. The Fossil Creek area in Yavapai is called Hakhavsuwa or Vialnyucha. The Wi-migrants when attach themselves with Apache, it means they belong to the same cultural unit of the Yue-chi people who were then living on the bank of the Indus River. But –kepava may mean ‘Kesava’ as same as ‘Caspo or Kasyapa of the Wi region; —vsuawa similarly means ‘ ‘Vasua’ which refers to a man of Vasava clan.

Wi:pukba—-Wi residents; –pukba means ‘pakka’/or ‘paksha’;

Wipukepava—-Wi-pu-kepava—Wi-pu-kesava

Tonto Apaches—-Tonto perhaps mean ‘weaver’ Apache;

Hakhavsuwa—-Hakha-vsuwa

Vialnyucha—-Vialn-yucha refers to Yue-che of Bisala region or Vilva region;

The Matkitwawipa Band of Yavapai are known as ‘People of the Upper Verde River Valley in Yavapai: Mark’amvaha or in Apache; Tu’Dotl’ izh Nde(Blue Water People).

Yavapai :Mark’amvaha name is really very interesting and this name keeps historic pace of its journey with this name that refers to mark means Makkaswara(God of Salvation) of Baku means Verde or Badr;  here –amvaha means goddess Amba or the Sri Mata or the ‘ Primordial Mother’.

Matkitwawipa—-Mat-kitwa-wipa/Mother Kshiti means ‘Mother Earth’; -wipa means in a sense ‘ubha’ or ‘has appeared’;

Tu’Dotl’ izh Nde—-No doubt Nde means ‘nadi’ or river; –izh means ‘vacch’ or vajra which is indicative of the river vajra at the Blue Mountain; Tu may mean God ‘Tu’, and Dotl refers to ‘dutta’ or ‘ambassador’. Because Blue Mountain is the place of enlightenment of the Buddha.

Wipuk—Wi of Pika(means Kua/Koili or Crow) region means the region of the river Indee which is as same as the River Indus. Indee may refer to Indu means ‘Chandra’ or the Scamander of Homer’s epics.

Tse Hichi—Sse is name of the Serpent of Naga God Sse or Sesha means there is no world after this seat of worship in the Underworld. Hi-che is  bnnd of the Yue-che people of the Indus river region. It refers to the seat of worship of the Mother at Sha-chi or Saketa. Here stands the temple of Juno.

Daszine Dasdaaye Indee—Das-zine means ‘servant of Zine or Zion; Dasdaaye perhaps means ‘adhyaee’ dasa or the follower as a responsible dasa; this particular term which again and again is found and referred to in the Bible is misunderstood by scholars. It has become a ‘title’ but its spiritual meaning is not academically entertained.

Guwevkbaya/ Kwevke-baya/Kwevikko-paya(‘Sothern People) lived along the Verde River south of Mazatzal Mountains and the Salt River to the Superstition Mountains and the Western Sierra Mountains  and Western Estrella Mountains, including the southern slopes of the Pinal Mountains, McDowell Mountains, Dripping Mountains, and the Mazatzal Mountains in south-western Arizona. Arivaipa or Aravaipa Band of the San Carlos Apache are a product of their social mingling of these bands.

Guwevkbaya—-Guwe means ‘guha’ or ‘gyhya’ means ‘cave’ or ‘secret place’ of vk means ‘Baku(Venkatachal) where ‘Baya’ lives;

Kwevke-baya—-Kwe-vke-paya means; Kwe means ‘Kua’ or ‘Koa’ or ‘Crow’; vke refers to Vaku(same as Viking or Venkatachal);

Kwevikko-paya—-here –vikko means ‘bhikshu’ or Monk; or Kavi people;

Salt River—Taking the name of ‘Salt’ here is very interesting; ‘Salt’ refers to the Salt Sea region of the Bible which identifies the Junction of Seas region from where these people migrated; Salt River certainly means River Ganges/or its River Indus/Indee of the migrants.

Superstition Mountains—-Perhaps it means ‘Maya’ Mountains or the Andean or the Andha(means ‘Blind’) Mountains.;

Estrella Mountains—It is Easter or the Asta El region which refers to the seat of worship of Primordial Eight Gods/ as same as Australia/ Astalokapala Gods

Pinal Mountains—-Pan/the seat of the story of Phoenix;

McDowell Mountains—Mc means ‘Makkaswar’ or ‘mokhsawara’ or the God of Salvation;  Dowell refers to Dhaval means ‘White’ Mountains region which means the Ice-Clad White Mountians;

Dripping Mountains—It seems to refers to ‘Dhruva’ or the Star of the Davids region;

Mazatzal Mountains—It exactly meant the region which all the terms previously described; it identifies the ancient Moza or the Mogha people and the seat of worship of the Thunder God or Indra;

Arivaipa—Ari refers to Uri or Ur; it may mean ‘enemy; –vaipa means bhava or vaba or vaibya means ‘beautiful’ settlements/or worldly;

Aravaipa—may refer to Or or Ora-settlement;

San Carlos—Sage Carlos or Sage from Kuru/Koili/Kali region ;

Hwaalkamvepaya/Walkamepa band(‘Pine Mountain People) are found along the southern Highway from Miami to Phoenix on to the Superior, Arizona; the name T’iisiibaan/Tiis Ebah Nnee makes a geographical statement that clarifies the region of the homeland of the migrants to Arizona.

Superior—It seems to refer to Abhira people/Iberians/or Subalaya Mountain region people;

Miami—-refers to Ma-Ami means Mothers: Amba/Ambike/Ambalike

T’iisiibaan—T’ii-sibban/ T’ii means Tri’ or Three that refers to triveni sacred bathing ghat; and Sibban refers to the god Siva/followers of this God;

Tiis Ebah Nnee—Tiis or ‘tris’/ Triple; Ebah refers to Alaba/Ava/Oleb or Mt Albourg; and Nnee means ‘nani’ women priest of this god at Alaba/ or Tris region;

Hwaalkamvepaya or Hwalkamepa was name of a clan; they lived in the Santa Teresa Mountains and in the Mount Turnbull region.

Wiikchasapaya or Wikedjasapa Band lived in the region of Mc Donald Mountains also; they were also called Yavapai:Wi:kajasa.

Hwaalkamvepaya—-Hwa-alkam-vepaya/Hwo people were of Chinese origin; Alaka was name of a river as well as name of a place in ancient Varanasi region which identifies Gaya region. Paya here perhaps identifies this sacred Gaya.

Hwalkamepa—-Hwa-alka-mepa

Teresa Mountains—-Name Teresa is found in many regions and in various countries; it refers to Tisa or Trissa. A man or woman-monk and/or a follower of Tissa; it may refer to Mountain at Triveni;

Mount Turnbull—-Turnbull means Bull of Turn or Tyna or Tanais/Tainos; it refers to the region of Truna-Sakyas. truna means ‘straw’.

Amahiyukpa—Ama-hiyuk-pa/Ama-hi-yukpa;

Atachiopa clan(Arrowreed People)—Ata-chi-opa / Atac-hiopa

Cherry, Arizoan—-Chera people

Tse Noltl’izhn—-Tisa of Niloptala; here Tisa has become the John or Jina, the Wise Man or a Great Teacher; Niloptala means the Blue Lotus referring to Nila(Blue) River Valley region as same as Ophir region;

Sunflower Valley—-City of Sun region

Forto Reno—-Reno refers to Renuka; its story again means the people of Pharaoh origin;

Yavapai: Iwilamaya—-Iwila-maya/or Maya people of Ohind or Ayila region;

Wiikchasapaya—-Wi-ik-chasa-paya

Wikedjasapa—Wi-ked-jasa-pa; identify the people(follower of Jasa) of Kedar region;

Wi:kajasa—-Wi-ka-jasa or –kaja-sa egion

Iiwilkamepa clan—-Iiwil-kamepa refers to Kamarupa region of Isgil as same as Israel people;

Matkawatapo clan—Mat-kawa-tapo/ it means and refers to the stupa of the Mother Kawa;

Sierra Ancha people—-Ancha were a group of historic people who were also known as Anse or Anche/Anchion etc.

Dilzhe’e—-Dil-zhe/or Dilhe ; it may means Delphi also;

Yelyuchopa clan—Yel-yucho-pa; Yue-chi people of Yel or El region;

Onalkeopa clan—On or Anu tribe of Alaka region

Quechan peoples—Kushan origin people; also Que-chan/Chenchua;

Different clan names were a product of geographical separation of the same people who migrated from one region but settled at different locations; the linguistic variation caused because of the wide generational gap of the migrants and lack of historical acknowledgment of the family roots.

The structural frame of leadership among tribal people offers a unique cultural background which shows their original homeland’s geographical picture.

Tonto leader(Kwevk-kepaya)’s social identity makes a clear statement that recognises him with historical past of these groups;

Delshay—Delshe, Delchea, Delacha or Tel Chee- which is identified as ‘Red Ant’ bears another cultural identity when the Yavapai called them Wah-poo-eta or Wahpotehe(Big-Rump); it refers to a title known as ‘Dal-sing-ray’  where Dal here means ‘group’ ; its prefix with terms like , –she, –chea, and –cha, refers to various regions. She stands for ‘See’; chea(means ‘small’) for Cherr or Kua; and cha may mean ; ‘kha’ which refers to a ‘bird’. Tel Chee means the Taila/Tala region of the Underworld;

Chuntz—-Chun-tz/Chin-tazia or T’chi region;

Cochinay—-sounds like Cochin of the internal migration region;  means ‘from Koka/Keki or Khotan;

Chan-deisi—-Chin region/Chan/Chann people; the charioteer people/ or the compass people;

Wah-poo-eta—-Oat/Ita/Wutu region; Wah-poo perhaps meant Abhaya people; or Po-worshippers;

Eschelepan(Chalipun, Cha-Thle-Pah)—-It clearly defines the Eschate region people or the ancient Romans from Kosala country; Eschate means ‘end of the world’ or ‘Saketa’;

Ashcavotil—-Ashca-votil; exactly refers to the ancient Medicine people, Asclepius; internal migrants’ Aska; –votil also means ‘house’; name of a place.

Tucson—-People of Takka/Trikona region;

Sacaton—-Saketa/Sha-chi/Saracana; all these names meant one place;

Oshkolte(Has-Kay-Ah-Yol-Tel)—-means ‘Ashoka’;  –lte region;

Four Peaks region—Means ‘Four Truths/Ways’ or ‘Arya-satya’ of the Buddhists;

Nanni-chaddi—-Woman worshipper(Nani) of Chedi or the Cete or Crete region;

Akimel O’Odham—-Odham is as same as ‘Adhama’ means ‘not having any knowledge’; Akimel refers to Aki-mel or Ark/Ikshyu region;

Skiitlanovah—-Skiit-la-novah/or Scythians of Nava or the Middle Country ;

Mogollon Rim—Followers of Mogollana, the foremost monk of the Buddhist Order; Rim refers to Ram, the founder of the Pharaoh dynasty of Egypt(Og-island);

Pivahgonte(Pih-yah-gon-te)—Pivah-gonte;

Natatotel—–Nata-totel;

Kwevkepaya leadership is known in different names that holds history of these people and its region;

Pawchine—-Paw-chine; means Po region’s Chin people;

Svgollah—Svgo refers to swarga means ‘heaven’; –llah means ‘wala’ or ‘bala’ that specifies a man from heaven;

Eskiminzin—-Eski-minzin; means a ‘Skanda’ or a Scythian of Minzin; Minzin means a Mazian;

Sekwalakawala—-Sek refers to Sheikh or Shekh; –wala means similarly means a Sek-man who is also a –kawala means ‘who hails from Koa or Kua or Crow region’;

Wehabesuwa—–Wehab /who is a ‘besuwa’; -besuwa refers to Viswa(means ‘world’) or to Visarba, a man from Ravana island;

Wipukepa leadership:

Motha—-Martha people; may mean a man from Mathura;

Paquala(Tall Man)—-Bakula/Baku

Tecoomthava—Takka-Mathva; means a Martha man of Takka;

Yavape leadership:

Hoseckrua—-Hose-ckrua refers to Hans people of Kua region;

Coquannathacka—-leader of the Hwaalkyaanyanyepaya in the Bradshaw Mountains and Mingus Mountains)—-Cocqua-natha-cka/Kokua refers to the ‘voice that creates fear’ in the hearts of people’; natha is as same as Nathan of the Bible and Nath religious leaders of the ancient world;

Makwa—–Makka/Mecca; means the God of Salvation or Mokkaswara at Baku;

Tolkepaya leadership:

Quashackama(also Quacanthewya)—Quashac-kama; Kausika-Kama refers two sacred places of the ancient times;

Ohatchecama—-Ohat-che-kama; Mt Ita/Wutu; and kama; -che refers to Yue-che people of the Kua river basin;

Chawmasecha—-Chawma-secha; Chamara from Sha-chi region;

Chemewalasela—Cheme-wala-sela; here ‘sela’ refers to ancient Jerusalem region a same as Kama region;

Pakota—-Sacred region of Kapota or Coptus/ the bird monastery region;

Takodawa—-Takka-dawa;

Ancient settlements were named after trees and birds; outside human knowledge lives the world of nature that holds each and every unit of life as a divine entity and ancient people thus saw the birds and trees as messengers of god; they named their settlements in the name of birds and trees. English translation of many ancient names caused dislocation of the geographical history of the ancient tribes.

Yuman people identifies the River Yamuna or Jamuna , a branch river of the river Ganges. The Brush Shelter of the Yavapai is called Wam’bu nya:va; it refers to Uma-vana as same as the ancient Babylon in Ophir. It is also called Sita-vana. Wam’bu nya; va may mean goddess Amba, and nya:va may refer to nabhi or the navel of the earth where the seat of goddess stands. Both the places are packed in one geographical pocket.

The closed huts of the Colorado river region during the winter is called Uwas and it means ‘abasa’ or ‘house’; Do: lkabaya  called it Uwad a’madva that refers to madya or Madra or Madhyadesha region; uwad means ‘Udaya/or Udra/Oda/Adah’ or wadi.

Yavapai skilled persons were called mastava means ‘not afraid’; the skilled men were also known as bamulva(‘who goes forward’); bakawauu is another term that points to someone’s talented talk; meaning of these words in Odiya meant the same: 

Mastava—-masta-bada means ‘great’; mutasiba is royal title;

Bamulva—Bamara is royal name; name of a kingdom; bama also refers to a ‘woman’/daughter

Bakawauu—or bakabasa means ‘talkative’

Ndee—Nada means ‘sound’; nadi means ‘river’; nidhi means ‘wealth’;

Bivati—bivranti means ‘confusion/doubt’; badati means ‘speak’; bhasati means ‘speech’;

Nnee—Woman/Nani

Dine’i—-means ‘danei’ ; the root of this word/name is in ‘Dan’/ ‘Dana’ which refers to a man of Dan community. Dana means ‘food’ as well as .religious gift’.

Akimel—akhayara mala means ‘garland of letters’ ; this refers to the garland goddess Chhinamasta wears in her neck. Akama/akarmanya means ‘unfit to work’;

O’odham—means Abadhana, ‘the village teacher’; abidhana means ‘dictionary’; adhama means ‘not good’, naradhama means ‘not fit to be called a man’.

The writers used the terms of the migrants’ ancient homeland. The belief of the Yavapia that they were the original people of the world or the first people refers to their homeland in the middle country; the term Montezuma Well means Ma-Monte Zuma or Mother Zuma who is the God of Death; monte means mrutyu/mat, and thus world is called Martya where death happens to all living things; God Jama or Zuma is one of the eight primordial gods who is responsible for origin of life on earth. Patavana from which the Yavapai   originated means ‘the forest of the primordial gods’. But this name is used in various other ways worldwide. Similarly the Oatman family identifies its members with Mt Ita or Wutu or Wuta of ancient history like the royal members of Ottoman empire. Origin of both shares one root.

Scholars’ observation on the heritage site is ‘Within park boundaries, the geologic record spans all four eras of the earth’s evolutionary history, from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic. The Precambrian and Paleozoic portions of this record are particularly well exposed in canyon walls and include a rich fossil assemblage. Numerous caves shelter fossils and animal remains that extend the paleontological record into the Pleistocene….’, and this is incorrect as the tribes of the Colorado river basin owe their origin to the first land of human civilization where the God of Death, Jama’s seat of worships stands.