Identification of the geographical situation of the Indus river beyond the Indian borders, and showing Panjab as land of the ‘five rivers’ happened at an unfortunate time of world history.

Sapara mouth of the Indus river which identifies the Panchana river itself was then flowing in Rajagriha of Magadha. From the name of Panchana, Panchanada derives its name that identifies the ‘meeting point’ of the five rivers below Multan.

Putting Multan as same as Panjaba is another mistake of colonial historians who avoided to locate the rich past of Multan or Mulasthanpur, a place in the seashore, that identifies the City of Sun itself.

Vergil in his Georgics(II, 139) mentions name of Panchaia as the land of incense, and its history is widely connected with human civilization. Panchaia is variously known as ‘Land of Punt’, or ‘Poen-at’, ‘Pa-anch’, Its geographical situation as seen from various historical sources puts it in the Persian Gulf region, or in the Erythraean Sea region, which is same as the Caspian Sea. Vergil also sees this land near the City of Sun; it identifies the ancient land of the Phoenicians who left this land and settled elsewhere.

Panchaia is also called Pano, and is well coined with Opone like the prana and apana system of breathing exercise of Indian yogic tradition.

How the river has been branched then can be seen from the ancient records: ‘one branch going to the coast of Syria, one to south of Africa and the other to east of Africa’.

Chinese general Panchao seems to be a native of this place who defeated the Yueh-chi King Kadphises II near Khotan(identifies Kuche near it) in 90 A.D.  This information on the land of the Panchana river , same as the land of the Panchanada throws much light on the ancient world whose map has been handed over to us by Ptolemy. Route of Chinese General Pan-Chao is linked to Nan-lu, means ‘southern way’, and Pei-lu, or the ‘northern way’; this is very significant to identify the regions watered by the river Indus, the ancient Chin, Han dynasty, and the region of the Panchanada or the meeting point of ‘five rivers’.