According to Unesco’s scholarship on this heritage site, ‘it contains evidence of the successive passages of different peoples who have left extensive and comparatively well-preserved remains of habitation around hilltops, caves and shelters, evidence of iron-working and a remarkable collection of some 1,800 petroglyphs(rock carvings). The property…reflects a major migration route from Bantu and other peoples from West Africa along the River Ogooue Valley to the north of the dense evergreen Congo forests…’.

Scholars’ statement that the heritage site ‘displays evidence for settlement stretching over 400,000 years from the Palaeolithic, through the Neolithic and Iron Age, to the present day Bantu and Pygmy peoples’, does not look into the nature of migration and inhabitants’ historical past which is preserved with the name of the heritage site itself.

Name Lope-Okanda’s root is in ‘Oda-khanda’ which is exactly the same as Erdkarte of Eratosthenes. It is also known as ‘Udaka’ and ‘Udaka-khanda’ to other ancient writers where hermitage of Sage Kapila stands. This identifies the House of Cadmus of the Greeks. Tshitolien culture refers to the culture of Takshsilla, seat of learning of the ancient world. Though this name identifies Tushito or Tavatimsa of Pali, which means the ‘Heaven’, here Tshitolien seems to refer to Takshsilla as it seats on the border of Kapila and Oda-khanda. Bantu or Bante pinpoints the Bhikshus or the Monks, and River Ogoue Valley refers to the Og-island as same as the Ojha-dvipa of the Pali which identifies the royal seat of administration of Agamemnon of Homer’s epics.

Name Gabon marks the sea port at Ezion-Geber which was then a part of the Udaka country.