Nepal’s world heritage site covers seven monuments in the Kathmandu Valley; ‘The Durbar squares or urban centres with their palaces, temples and public spaces of the three cities of Kathmandu (Hanuman Dhoka), Patan and Bhaktapur, and the religious ensembles of Swayambhu, Bauddhanath, Pashupati and Changu Narayan…’.

Modern Nepal has been considered by historians as representing Ni-po-lo of Hiouen Tsiang’s report who visited this country in 7^th c A.D. like his predecessor Fa-hian in 5^th c A.D.

Hiouen Tsiang in his India visit account says, ‘he went to Ni-po-lo country from the country of the Vrijjians by going in a ‘north-west’ direction; it was a country situated among the Snowy Mountains that produced red copper, the Yak, and the Mingming bird. Its King was a Licchavis. From here the pilgrim went back to Vaisali by crossing the river Ganges and reached the country of Mo-kie-to, or Magadha. In Fa-hian’s account, it shows that it was a country under the Lae-lih kings, and also resided by the Ye-tha tribe.

Vrijj people’s ancient identity has been mostly misunderstood by historians. This name like the name of Licchavis appears only in Pali and Buddhist texts; other texts write them as people of Bhoja country. Name of Licchavis identifies them as worshippers of Lakuchi tree(Lote Tree of the Bible) and they were the Romans of the ancient world. They represent Lae-lih or the Laish dynasty same as Lion’s Dynasty or the Lions’ people or the Sihas.

Ni-pi-lo, in reality, as Fa-hian recorded its geographical situation, was neighbourly to Udayana country or the Gandhar country, same as Mangala country. Its people were the ancient Abiras, a Skythian or the Skanda tribe  of Indian purans.

Kathmandu identifies their Ye-tha background in history, and the Newari settlement traces its origin to Abira people. Modern Nepal is the second settlement of people who migrated from the ancient Ni-pi-lo or from Kapila region to settle there.