Unesco’s Papua New Guinea heritage site at Kuk qualifies with its universal value when it is linked to the agricultural practices that spans a period of 7,000 to 10,000 years-time.

The ancient Guinea Coast, quoting ancient sources Periplus says, marks the Southern Ocean immediately below Cape Guardafui, and defining both Zanzibar, and Madagascar sitting on its water course. This coast was known in part to the Carthaginians and Romans and they supposed that it continued due eastward and thus joined the Indian Ocean or the ‘Erythraean Sea’; this geographical identity of the coast puts the Ganganoi people at this coast which finds Papica or the Papua of the heritage site on the sailing course between Alexandria and Barbaricum, but neighbourly to both Astacampa and Barygaza.  Cape Guardafui is as same as Garuda country of Indian puranic tradition that was neighbourly to Astacampa or Astarte of the Bible. But Ganganoi people were a part of the Astagrama or the Eight Villages of the Periplus. Eryhtraean Sea or the Red Sea is identical with Arithapur, and Kuk therefore identifies the ancient Kaka or the Kukuta of the Buddhist literature. The agricultural practices identifies the migrants from the Fertile Crescent region of the Bible which is same as the Dan people of the ancient world who first introduced the agricultural practices in the ancient world. This becomes very clear when sowing time, sowing festivals, and image procession are identified with this region of Kuk or Kukutapura or Kakapura. This is geographically related to a good number of name-forms like, Mt Caucasus, Coptus, Kukutapadagiti, Kaksutha, Khotan, Kutagiri, and Kotagiri etc.