Scholarly world’s treatment of the Periplus suffers from the same mistakes and material inconsistencies on its geographical identity like its translator W.H. Schoff’s viewing from the very beginning its geographical surroundings related to the Mediterranean Sea region; for he puts most of his references to modern Africa and the Arab regions to explore the ancient trade-routes during the time of the Periplus. The latter should have primarily been understood from the name Erythra, which according to Pali texts, marks Arithapur; or the ancient Sivi country, or Thebes of the Greeks. Periplus is identical with Pariplaba of the Vamana purana.
The Chinese General Panchaia’s victory over Kadphises in 90 A.D marks the time of Periplus; Schoff says ‘We arrive at two dates, 90 and 95 A.D., later than which this Periplus cannot have been written’.
General Panchaia worked under the King of Khotan, who controlled most part of the ‘Central Asia’ during 90 A.D. Khotan is synonymous with Khatvang of the Indian puranic descriptions which identifies Sage Khatavang’s hermitage. Ajapayi Fathers, or the Senior Trojans at Troy rushed to Sage Khatvanga when saw ‘Fire’ or Agni appeared when this Sage was singing verses from the Vedas. Chinese pilgrim Hiouen Tsiang’s account of his visit to Khotan has been recorded where he saw ‘Image Procession’; his account on ‘silk’ production puts this city at the centre of the ancient ‘silk trade’ and also at the centre of the ancient ‘Silk Route’.
General Panchaia operated his campaign against Kadphises in the Indus-Gangetic plain where both of their countries located as neighbourly to Phoenicians’ trade-city at Troy. According to the Periplus, Coa vestis fabric was then available only in Tyre in island of Cos in the times of Caesar, and Augustus. The people of Tyre sprung from the Phoenician, who left their own land, being greatly distressed by earthquakes and fires, and then settled at Sidon from where they also left later. They were Iudadan or the Dedan or Dadanas of Homer’s epics and are identified with son of Raamah, and also with a son of Jakton.